腾讯佛学专访 —— 宗萨蒋扬钦哲仁波切

宗萨仁波切题字

宗萨仁波切墨宝：藏文“马”字

As you read this, ideally, you could remember the preciousness of this moment, the fact that you are even able to read, the fact that you have time to read, the fact that you are getting something out of this. This moment is so precious, and so fleeting, so momentary, and in a strange way this fleeting temporariness is what makes this moment so beautiful and profound. Try to have this thought throughout this day, not just when you read this but when you have a cup of tea.

当你读到此篇，理想上，你可以忆念这一刻的珍贵性，你能够阅读的这一事实，你有时间阅读的这一事实，你正从中获得什么的这一事实。这一刻是如此珍贵，如此稍纵即逝，如此短暂，而正是这种稍纵即逝的短暂性，出奇地让这一刻如此美妙与深奥。试着让这一整天都抱持着这样的念头，不只是在你阅读此篇时，也在你喝一杯茶的时候。

腾讯佛学：对佛法修学而言，信心是否最为重要？它与见地是什么关系？

Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche：Confidence is important not only in dharma practice but in all situations. But people must realize that confidence is not the same as pride. Pride is when you are thinking something about yourself that is not true. Confidence is thinking something that is true about yourself. For instance, I am a human and I can confidently act as a human. I am not a bird. If I pretend to be a bird, I am in trouble.

宗萨仁波切：不仅在佛法修行上，在所有处境中，信心都很重要。但是人们必须了解，信心并不等同于骄傲。 骄傲是当你想着某些并非你自己真相的东西，而信心则是想着你自己真的是那么回事的某些东西。举例来说，我是人，我能够自信地做为人类；我不是一只鸟，如果我假装是一只鸟，我就有麻烦了。

Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche：Having the right view actually enhances confidence. Most of us never have the right view and even if we do have the right view it’s usually influenced by hope and fear. Our view is almost always corrupted by materialism. This is why our confidence constantly gets tested and not only tested by(译者案，应作 but) smashed. Then our moods become so low. So having the right view actually enhances confidence. It’s so important to have the right view.

宗萨仁波切：具有正见，实际上能增长信心。我们大部分人，从来没有正见，即使我们有正见，它通常也受到希望及惧怕影响。我们的见地，几乎总是被物质主义所败坏。这就是为什么我们的信心时不时遭到检验，而且不只是受到检验，还被压个粉碎，然后我们的心情变得好低落。所以，具有正见实际上能增长信心。具有正见是如此重要。

腾讯佛学：佛法在这个时代的传播需要与古代不同吗？因为时代和人心都发生了佷大的变化。

Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche：The actual teaching of the Buddha, the Buddhadharma never needs to change. It’s already progressive and up to date. It’s concerned with the truth of our life. Such truths cannot really change, and should not. In fact we have no ability to change the truth. For example no one can change the fact that we do not live forever. But the methods of teaching, yes, depending on the time, situation, even depending on each person, they can change. It might be a different way of delivering, coaching, different jargon, different use of nuances, language, idioms, symbols. All these can change.

宗萨仁波切：佛陀的真实教法，佛法，永远不需要改变。它已相当先进，跟得上时代。它关乎我们生命的实相。这样的真理其实不会改变，也不应该改变。事实上，我们没有能力改变真理。举例来说，没有人能改变我们不会永远活着的这个事实。但是教导方法，是的，它们可以因时间、状况，甚至因人而改变。可能是不同的传达方式、指导方式，不同的行话，运用不同的细微差异、语言、成语、象征，所有这些是可以改变的。

腾讯佛学：请您用精要的语言介绍一下金刚乘佛法。

Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche：Contrary to many people’s thinking, Vajrayana is actually not separate from Mahayana Buddhism. Vajrayana concentrates very much on wisdom. Wisdom is not always complimentary to conventional ideas of morality and right and wrong. Vajrayana, which is the wisdom oriented practice, tends to actually break down the concept of morality, Vajrayana always pulls the rug from under our feet. This is because in the Vajrayana, the battle between the solution and the problem is fought in a different way. The Vajrayana has the wisdom to see that sometimes the problem itself is the solution. And at times even the solution can be the problem. But this is not easily put into practice.

宗萨仁波切：与许多人的想法正好相反，金刚乘实际上不离于大乘佛教。金刚乘非常强调智慧。智慧并非总是与道德对错的世俗想法相应和。作为智慧导向修持的金刚乘，实际上倾向去拆解道德概念，金刚乘总是将我们脚下的地毯抽走。这是因为，在金刚乘里，解答与问题之间的战斗是以另一种方式进行。金刚乘具有这样的智慧，能够看出有时候问题本身就是解答，而有时甚至解答也可能是问题。但要将这点放入修行当中并不容易。

腾讯佛学：您曾经提到过，中国和中国人未来将是佛教的护法，请问您是基于什么原因作出这样的判断？

Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche：I think because of their long history, Buddhism Taoism and Confusicism is very much imbedded in Chinese psyche. But it almost without the Chinese people even knowing. Buddhism is in Chinese poetry, it’s in the sayings, it’s in the iconography. I have a suspicion that even Chinese Christians and Muslims might be using the Buddhist way of doing things. Chinese people drink a tea named Quan Yin, which is a very Buddhist icon. Quan Yin at the most basic level is understood as a female deity but on the most profound level is none other than the Buddha’s teachings on compassion. I’m sure many Christian Chinese drink Quan Yin tea, and many Muslim Chinese drink Quan Yin tea.

宗萨仁波切：我想，由于佛教、道家和儒家长远的历史，它们深植于中国人的心灵。但中国人甚至几乎不太晓得，佛教出现在中国的诗歌里，在谚语之中，在图像之中。我怀疑，甚至中国的基督徒和回教徒或许也运用佛教的方式在做事。中国人喝一种名为“观音”的茶，这是非常佛教的图像。在最基本的层次上，观音被理解为一位女性本尊，然而在最深刻的层面则无别于佛陀对于慈悲的教法。我很确定，许多中国的基督徒饮用观音茶，许多中国的回教徒也饮用观音茶。

腾讯佛学：汉地佛教许多大德认为当下是末法时代，同时又认为中国离不开佛教。那么您认为在未来中国的变动中，佛教能够帮助中国做些什么？

Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche：Whether it’s a degenerated time or not, it shouldn’t matter. Degenerated times give us an opportunity to make the teachings even more vibrant and alive. Buddha himself said that his teachings would be more vibrant and alive as time goes by. So degenerated times are not an excuse not to explore on the path.

宗萨仁波切：无论是末法时代与否都不打紧。末法时代赋予我们机会，去让教法更有活力与生机。佛陀自己曾说，他的教法会随着时间而更为生气蓬勃、富有活力。所以，末法时代并不是一个不去探索道途的借口。

腾讯佛学：现在的社会是非无法明辨，往往狭隘极端容易博取掌声，客观冷静的观点反而无人追随，正确的见地不再被关心，我们该如何看待这个世界？

Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche：We should promote thinking about the bigger picture instead of quick profits, quick fixes, which are like pain killers. Trying to be visionary, not only for the country but even for the home, for personal growth, for a health family and I think we learn to do that. Probably we will begin to be more open minded but the sad thing is the schools and the universities tend not to teach this kind of thinking.

宗萨仁波切：我们应该提倡宏观性地思考，而不是想着如同止痛药一般的快速近利、迅速修补。试着具有远见，不只是为了国家，而且甚至是为了家庭，为了个人成长，为了健康的家庭，我想我们要学着去做。或许我们会开始心胸宽广一些，但遗憾的是，学校和大学里往往却不教导这类的思考。

腾讯佛学：在当前时代，个人要背负很大的压力，并且得不到释放，取而代之的是放纵自己的欲望，我们该如何面对现代生活中不健康的生活方式和精神状态？

Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche：That’s a very difficult question that cannot be answered easily. From the top of my head I would say discipline is necessary. When I say discipline I am not just talking about Buddhist discipline, I’m talking about even very mundane but profound things such as eating at home three times a week, at least. It makes you healthy, it means you are not spending money so you have more in your wallet, so you are happier, You are healthy, wealthy and you are happy.

宗萨仁波切：这是一个非常困难的问题，无法简单回答。我想都不用想就会说，纪律是必要的。当我说纪律，我不只是在谈论佛教戒律，我是在讲甚至是非常世俗但深刻的事物，像是一星期至少在家用餐三次，它让你变得健康，意思是你不用多花钱，所以你可以有多一些钱在钱包里，所以你变得比较快乐，你健康而富裕，而且你很快乐。

腾讯佛学：您平时也在使用互联网，在过去十多年中，佛教透过互联网建立了超越以往的影响，许多您的粉丝也是通过网络才了解您，您是否谈一下使用互联网的感受？互联网的普及对于佛法意味着好还是不好，应如何借助互联网？

Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche：It might be helping only a very little bit. I think not so much. I think the real help of the Buddhadharma is through the aspiration of the individual. But on the internet we end up using it to express our own personal thoughts which ends up becoming self promoting etc. Personally the internet and social media have created more stress for me because everything gets done so efficiently and efficiency is one of the main causes of stress.

宗萨仁波切：它可能只有一点点的帮助，我想并不是太多。我认为佛法的真正帮助是透过个人的愿力。但在网络上，到头来我们是用它表达我们个人的想法，结果变成自我营销等等。对我个人来说，网络和社交媒体已对我造成更多压力，因为每件事都如此有效率地达成，而效率是压力的主要原因之一。

腾讯佛学：您大致知道我们腾讯设立了佛学频道，想请您对我们编辑们说几句话，我们该如何令工作有价值意义？也请您对阅读频道的读者说几句话。谢谢您！

Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche：People who work for this, they must do it with a good intention. Good intention is very easy to achieve, we just forget to have it. The workers here could always get up in the morning and think: whatever I do today may it benefit all beings one way or another. That is going to be the best.

宗萨仁波切：为此工作的人们，他们必须以好的动机去做。好动机是非常容易做到的，我们只是忘记去做。这里的工作人员可以每天早上起来都这么想：不论我今天做了什么，愿最终能利益所有众生。这会是最好的。

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